Hair-curling apparatus



Aug. 14, 1928.

'W. G. SHELTON HAIR CURLING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 7, 1926 Patented. Aug. 14, 1928.

UNITED .s'rA'ras WILLIAM GEN'IBY S HELTON OI' N'EW YORK,1N.

HAIR-CURING APPARATUS.

Application filed August 7, 1926. Serial .110. 127,761.

This invention relates to a haircurling apparatus, and more particularly to an apparatus wherein the curled hair is'heated. The main object is'to produce a predetermined temperature condition at thecurled hair without incurring the usual danger of overheating the hair.

Prior to this invention, tpermanent wave apparatus have been provi ed with electrlcal heating elements adapted to surround the curled hair. In using an apparatus of thiskind, the operator winds the hair aroun curling rods and then wraps moist cloth around the curled hair. Numerous electrlcal heating elements are applied to the head so as to surround each wrapped curl, and the current is then turned on for various periods depending ,upon the judgment of the operator. 1

Actual experience has shown that the strength of the electric current is not un1-- form, and even in a single apparatus the current may vary considerably everyfew hours due to variations in the output at the generating station, as well the use of current from the main hne supplying any given apparatus. Consequently, no definite time can e fixed as a proper pe-' riod for heating the curled hair.

In the ordinary practice, an operator having more or less skill will observe the "action of the heat on the material surrounding e hair, as well as the odor from the heated material, and with these rather uncertain indications the operator will determine the len h of the heating period. Obviously, di erent operators seeking the same result would not obtain the same heating period, and a single operator cannot obtain uniform results in following this old practice. Moreover, there is great danger of everheating the hair or head, and a cautious operator will usually fail to obtain the most effective temperature. 45 One of my objects is ,to obtain predetermined results regardless of variations in the transmission of heat to the hair. A further object is to eliminate or minimize the daner of overheating the hair.

the invention comprises the novel conview,

combination and arrangement of struction,

parts hereinafter more specifically described ent of the invention. However, it is switch to aid in determining d the heating member is preferably actuated by a separate heating element electrically connected to the as variations in P .tor will usually ture, to remain on the head for the'desired a heating element With the foregoing and ether objects in to be understood that the invention compre hends changes, variations and'modifications which come within the scope of the claims 5 hereunto appended. I

As an illustration of a simple form of the invention, tric switch to control the transmission of current to a grou of heating elements adapted to surroun the curled hair, and a 'I will hereafter describe an elecheat-responsive member associated with the the length of period. This heat-responsive elements at the curled hair. h

More specifically stated, the heat-responsive mem er may- 'be a thermometer, or the .like, heated by an auxiliary-heating element electrically connected to the main heating elements at the hair, so as to advise the operator of the temperature condition at the main heating elements. In this simple form of the invention, the operator will open the switch byhand when a predetermined temerature is shown by. the thermometer. The 0 .erators understand that difierent kinds 0 hair require heat treatments for diflerent periods, but in all cases an operatry to first obtain the same temperature condition at the hairand then operate the switch to discontinue the flow of current. The hot elements are then allowed to remain on the hair for varying periods de ending upon the quality of the hair. T ese results can be efiectively accomplished in the device herein described byopening the switch in response to the indlcation of ,a fixed predetermined temperaand then allowing the heating elemefits tional period of time.

Fig. I is a side elevation, partly in section, illustrating the upper portionof a ctmanent wave apparatus equipped wit a device embodying the features of this invention. v A

Fig. II is a diagram showing some of the electrical elements, including an auxiliary sponsive device, and a switch to be operated in response to the action of said device.

. The a paratus comprises a vertical post 1 at its upper end with an arm 2 supprovide porting a housing 3 from which a group of eatingelements 4 are suspended b means oi insulated wires 5,-port1ons oft e wires associated with v a heat-re,

being broken away in Fig. l; The wires 5 are connected to a pair of feed wires 6 as shown in Fig. TI, and a switch 7 may be nected to wires 5.

The tubular elements 4 may be arranged over the head of a person in the usual manner to surround the curled hair. The switch 7 is then closed until a predetermined temperature is obtained at the heating elements 4.

To illustrate a suitable heat-responsive device, I have shown a thermometer comprisinga glass tube 10 with'a bulb at its lower end enclosed by a tubell, the latter being screwed into a cap 12 on the upper end of a v hollow member 13 at the upper end of the vertical post 1. This heat-responsivedevioe vis actuated through the medium of an auxiliary heating element, which may be in the form of a coil of resistance wire it surrounding the tube ll and connected by means of wires 15 to the feed wires 6. The auxiliary heating element M is thus electrically connected to the main heating elements, and it may be located at any convenient point remote from the main elements.

The resistance of the auxiliary heatingg element 14: may be more or less than the re sistance of the main heating elements, for

the desired relationship is established by action of the thermometer lll. When the indicating fluid in the thermometer rises to the plane of a line 16, the operator will understand that the llow of current to the heating elements should be discontinued, and

- the switch 7 is thenopenedo I claim: 1 v '1; In a hair-curling apparatus, an elec= chair is heate means for obtaining a predetrical heating element whereby the curled hair is heated, and a temperature indicator comprising a second electrical heating element electrically connected tothe first mentioned heating element, and a heat-responsive indicator associated with said second heating element to indicate a predetermined temperature condition at the curled hair.

2. In a hair-curling apparatus, a group of electrical heating elements whereby the curled hair is heated, and means for indicating a predetermined temperature condition at the curled hair, said means including a heat-responsive indicating member, and an electrical heating element whereby said memher is actuated, the last mentioned heating element being electrically connected to said group of heating elements.

3. In a hair-curling apparatus, an electrical'heatin element whereby the curled termined temperature condition at the curled hair, said means including a switchto control'the delivery of currentto said heating element, a heat-responsive member associated with said switch, and an electrical heating element whereby said heat-responsive memher is actuated, the last mentioned heating element being electrically connected to the first mentioned heating element.

- 4i. In a permanent wave apparatus, a group of electrical heating elements adapted to surround the curled hair, means for indicating a predetermined temperature condition at the curled hair, said means including a heat-responsive indicating member, an electrical heating element associated directly with said indicating member and electrically connected to said group of heating elements, v nd a manually o erated switch controllingthe delivery ot current to all of said heating elements In testimony that hereunto afix my signature.

mm GENTRY SHELTON, 

